Us Home Guard Reviews - Founded in 1636 as a civilian force, the US National Guard is a "ready" reserve force of 450,000 men and women serving voluntarily in all 50 states and four US territories. Guard members hold civilian jobs and maintain part-time military training. They are called into service during civil unrest, natural disasters, labor strikes, war, health emergencies and riots.
Exclusively it exists as a state and federal power, as it is in the US Constitution, security units can be called to maintain public safety, order and peace at home during emergencies and can also be used to be an important part of the American military abroad. .
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"The National Guard stands separate and distinct from the other federal reserve forces of the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines," writes Michael Doubler in
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. "National Guard troops serve at the direction of state governors until the President of the United States orders them to be activated by the government for domestic emergencies or foreign service."
Guard soldiers often serve in their home country, live at home and often hold private jobs, including a training program for one weekend a month and a two-week training program annually.
The development of almost 400 years from local colonial forces to fight the first war of the American Revolution, to serve in two world wars, to protect the US capital from riots in 2021, the National Guard work at the local and state level, in response to conflict. and reconstruction missions, domestic emergencies and more and has participated in every major US conflict.
The first association of the US Army, the National Guard, the nation's first organized military force, began on December 13, 1636, in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, when three military regiments were formed to protect against the group of the Pequot Tribe and provide protection. and structure for early settlement. Men between the ages of 16 and 60 were required to join, and the three original Massachusetts regiments continue to operate today.
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"In the absence of military aid from Great Britain, the military system alone ensured the success of early British rule," Doubler wrote. "As the Indian threat receded, the military members were involved in other colonial powers. The wars against Spain and France and the work with the British Commands always showed the best and worst aspects. intrusions into colonial affairs
During the American Revolution, the unit was named the Minutemen, a tribute to their quick response time, as they fought in the first battles of the war. Militias also formed volunteer armies during the Civil War and offered protection to settlers during westward expansion, Doubler added. The Militia Act of 1903, also known as Dick's Act, created the building blocks of the modern National Guard, allowing for more support and government control.
The first aviation unit of the Guard was established on November 1, 1915, and, three years later, on September 18, 1947, with the creation of the Air Force, the Air National Guard was created. Since then, members of the Air Guard have seen combat in the Korean and Vietnam wars, the Persian Gulf crisis, 9/11 terrorist deaths, Hurricane relief efforts, the war in Afghanistan and other operations.
The men of the famous 369th Infantry wave when they arrived in New York City, 1919. The 369th, formerly the 15th New York National Guard Regiment, was the first African American Regiment to serve with the American Expeditionary Force in World War I.
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After the sinking of the Lusitania on May 7, 1915, Congress passed, and President Woodrow Wilson signed into law, the National Defense Act of 1916, which made significant changes to the organization, including giving it the official name National Guard, improving and improving size. training, adding funds, conducting annual inspections and requiring fitness and selection tests.
"The Act codifies both the state and federal missions of the National Guard and requires new Guardsmen to swear an oath of allegiance to the United States and declare their records," The Guardian notes. "President of the United States may federalize the National Guard during a federal emergency declaration and provide travel services."
After the United States entered World War I, Harry S. Truman, as a captain in the Missouri National Guard, fought in the Argonne, France in 1918 with the US First Army. During the conflict, Harlem's celebrated Hellfighters, a group of black guards who fought as the 369th infantry, were awarded the French army decoration Croix de Guerre for their heroism.
In September 1940, with America's entry into World War II looming, President Franklin D. Roosevelt called out the National Guard for a year of training. "The Guard is twice the size of the active duty force of the United States," the USO reports. "That, combined with the creation of America's first peace treaty, provided the potential for America's eventual involvement in Europe."
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Armed National Guard soldiers are in front of the post office in South Central, Los Angeles, where several days of riots have occurred over the acquittal of the LAPD officer who beat Rodney King.
Today, only the US Army boasts more members than the National Guard, and while 10 presidents, including George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln, were part of the state's military, Harry S. Truman (Missouri Army National Guard) and George W. Bush. (Texas Air National Guard) are the only two commanders to serve in the department in recent times.
The National Guard has been deployed on the US soil at least 16 times at the federal level, including the Civil War from 1861-65, the Central High School walkout in Little Rock, Arkansas from 1957-58, the March from Selma to Montgomery , Alabama in 1965, the Cuban Refugee Crisis in 1980 and the Los Angeles Riots in 1992.
Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the National Guard has mobilized more than 500,000 troops for federal missions, according to the Guard, and, in its national role, has played an important role in disaster relief and homeland security. During Hurricane Katrina in 2005, nearly 50,000 National Guard troops were deployed to the Gulf Coast for humanitarian, evacuation and relief operations.
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More recently, in 2020, nearly 100,000 Guard members were deployed to help with the coronavirus pandemic, the California wildfires and racist protests. On January 6, 2021, the day Congress convened to officially count the Electoral College votes, members of the Guard were called in after a mob broke into the US Capitol.
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